Alternativas para o controle de doenças pós-colheita em grãos e frutos

Abstract

The aim of this research was to evaluate alternative methods to preserve the post-harvest of grains and fruits, to ensure a better quality of these products and to increase their shelf time. Grains and fruits normally decay very fast, if not kept or transported in the correct way. Fungi and bacteria are the responsible by these decays. The micotoxins are substances produced by fungi and are toxic to vertebrates and others groups of animals even at low concentrations, they are produced by the secondary metabolisms of toxigenic strains of filamentous fungi. It was verified that for the control of mycotoxins and in particular aflatoxins, the chemical approaches were more effective to control, an example to chitosan where it has a biocompatibility, malleability, biodegradability and non-toxic profile, which confirms this substance a great alternative for use. in the control of aflatoxigenic fungi. For the control of X. campestris, in vitro tests were performed using yeasts of the genus Saccharomyces (with probiotic potential), ethanolic extracts from two native plants of the cerrado and four GRAS substances in the angular leaf spot biocontrol in mango and verified that the yeasts They were not able to inhibit the growth of phytobacteria, while the plant extracts and GRAS substances tested were effective in controlling the disease, proving to be an alternative control of this phytobacteria, thus avoiding economic losses for Brazil.