O currículo brincante e brincalhão, criancista e criançólogo do Tocantins Amazônico

Abstract

The curriculum and playful practices developed in the Daycare centers of Tocantins Amazon are relevant axes of this doctoral thesis research. In this sense, the investigation makes a dense phenomenological description of the voices and pedagogical actions of the Daycare teachers in the diverse Amazonian sociocultural and educational contexts. The thesis discussion articulates the fields of experience and development of babies and young children in the state of Tocantins by addressing the theme of the Daycare curriculum in the Tocantins Amazon. From the perspective of describing this educational phenomenon, we present the general objective as: to understand the processes of knowledge construction, curriculum and playful practices of daycare teachers in the Tocantins Amazon. Thus, we draw from Roberto Sidnei Macedo (2010, 2011, 2012), Joel Martins (1992) and Antonio Muniz Rezende (1990) the discourse of phenomenology; on the conception of child and childhood(s) with Manuel Jacinto Sarmento (2008), Willian Corsaro (2009) and Del Priore (1999); on the Amazonian cultural and educational context Samuel Benchimol (2009); when addressing the playful curriculum, we dialogue with Ana Paula Silva da Conceição (2009) and Damião Rocha (2019); we also base ourselves on Maria Carmem Barbosa (2013, 2021), Tizuko Kishimoto (2010), Jorge Larrosa (2015), Zilma Ramos de Oliveira (2010), Tânia Regina Lobato dos Santos and Ivanilde Apoluceno de Oliveira (2004, 2018) on development and learning through play and games. Based on the narratives of the life-world of the daycare teachers, the description of the "subsuming notions" in the thesis elaboration process was made: "The Playful and Funny, Child-Centered and Child-Focused Curriculum of the Tocantins Amazon". The terms playful and funny refer to the acts of playing, but also to the material object of play, which is the toy, and its action: the play. Child-centered aims to bring to the debate the eminently human interrelation that a curriculum, the curricula (plural of Latin), intends to be for the child, and child-focused means assuming this curriculum as a scholar of the child as a subject of rights, a sociology of the child and childhood(s). Therefore, this phenomenologically inspired study was constituted in the perspective of ethno-research-action and ethno-research-formation with interpretative analysis of "critical implicated ethno-research" and "ethnotexts fixing experiences" by Macedo (2010) and Rocha (2022). Using the non-structured interview technique and support from the field diary, with the aim of describing curriculum and playful practices, comprehensively and intercritically. In the field research, we observed-participated in the curriculum acts of daycare teachers from municipalities in Tocantins, representing the three administrative macro-regions: Arraias/TO in the South region, Palmas/TO in the Central region, and São Sebastião do Tocantins/TO in the North region, in the search to understand the meanings and significances of the daycare teachers for a playful and funny curriculum. We followed the stages of description, comprehension, and interpretation of the "ethnotexts fixing experiences". The thesis reflected curriculum acts of the curriculum, which emerges from a curriculum that exists in playing, in toys and games, one of the bases of pedagogical work in Early Childhood Education. From the description of the information, comprehensions, and interpretations, three (3) subsuming notions emerged from the units of meaning and significance: "Ways of Doing and Being of the Daycare Teacher", "The Playful Teacher: Interactions, Playing, Toys, and Games", and "Curriculum Practices of Daycare Teachers in Everyday Life". The thesis engaged in a dialogue about the quality of Early Childhood Education in public daycare centers in the Tocantins Amazon. We advocate for curriculum acts that value the fields of experience in pedagogical work aimed at babies and young children, and thus, the constitution in Tocantins of a playful and funny, child-centered and child-focused curriculum.