Geolinguística dos povos indígenas do estado do Tocantins

Abstract

Studying the Indigenous Geolinguistics of the state of Tocantins and, consequently, using these investigations in cartographic plans and drawing up a map of the heterogeneity of indigenous languages was the main reason that made me research and describe the different uses in which the languages of the traditional indigenous communities of the State of Tocantins have diversified in space and time. The construction of this study is justified because until the present moment in the state of Tocantins, we do not have a geolinguistic study of indigenous peoples aiming to map indigenous languages according to the Federation Units of Indigenous Lands in the State of Tocantins. According to the National Indian Foundation (FUNAI, 2016), indigenous lands in Tocantins are distributed and demarcated as: Apinajé, Funil, Inawebohona, Krahô Kanela, Kraolândia, Parque do Araguaia, Xambioá, Xerente, Maranduba and Utaria Wyhyna (IròduIràna). However, in the state of Tocantins, the Canoanã indigenous land is being studied for the demarcation process. These traditional indigenous peoples and communities genetically belong to five large groups - Tupi trunk, Macro-Jê trunk, Karib family, Aruak family, and Pano family. Thus, the traditional indigenous peoples and communities of the state of Tocantins are made up of the Akwẽ (Xerente); Timbiras (Apinajé, Krahô and Krahô-Kanela); Yny (Karajá, Javaé and Xambioá). The objective of this study was to map the languages of the indigenous peoples of the state of Tocantins according to the Federation Units of Indigenous Lands, considering the linguistic diversity in the reading of the geographic space and its representativeness. The methodology is structured in the form of an exploratory qualitative- quantitative bibliographic research based on the theoretical and conceptual perspective, basically supported by the review of publications in the form of books and articles available in open access databases, and secondarily on theses and dissertations. In pandemic times, it was not possible to make field visits in Indigenous Lands to better understand the daily experience of indigenous ethnicities in the state of Tocantins. Therefore, the research focuses on studying the geolinguistics of the indigenous peoples of the state of Tocantins in a time frame of thirty years (1991 to 2010) according to information from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and the National Indian Foundation (FUNAI, 2016). The results indicate that the study on (mapping) the geolinguistics of the indigenous peoples of the state of Tocantins serves to record through maps the heterogeneous ethnic composition both in cultural diversity and in linguistic diversity, because over time, we lose some indigenous linguistic characteristics by have nothing recorded. Emphasizing that with this study the Geolinguistic Map of the Indigenous Peoples of the state of Tocantins was prepared.