Composição química, atividade antioxidante, compostos bioativos e antinutricionais das polpas dos frutos do bacupari, pupunha e tucumã

Abstract

With a vast flora, Brazil has native and exotic fruits, with expressive potential for the production of bioactive compounds. Among such diversity, three fruits draw attention for their economic and cultural importance in the region where they bear fruit, they are: Bacupari (Garcinia gardneriana), Peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) e Tucumã (Astrocaryum vulgare). In this way, it is necessary to study strategies for adding value, considering its potential for the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. The objective of this work is to study the chemical composition, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and presence of these fruits. Analyzes of water activity (Aw), humidity, soluble solids, lipids, ash, chlorophyll, total carotenoids, vitamin C, total phenolics, antioxidant activity by the β-carotene method, DPPH, FRAP and ABTS+, anti- nutritional such as phytate were performed. , trypsin inhibitor, total tannins and condensed tannins, mineral profiles, carbohydrate, organic, phenolic and flavonoid acids. The values for soluble solids found for bacupari and tucumã were high, making them fruits with potential for the production of juices and sweets due to their sweet taste. The lipid content found classifies the fruit as low in fat. Tucumã presented high crude fiber content with 6.54% and all fruits presented high carbohydrate content. The fruits showed high concentrations of Vitamin C, carotenoids, phenolic compounds and flavonoids, in addition, the high potential in bioactive compounds was evidenced as a result of antioxidant activity in the β-carotene, DPPH, FRAP and ABTS+ methods. In addition to being promising sources of glucose, fructose, citric acid, malic acid and minerals such as zinc, iron, copper, magnesium, manganese and potassium. Regarding the anti-nutritional compounds, only the bacupari pulp showed the presence of a trypsin inhibitor. Consequently, the present research presents information on the chemical, biochemical and anti-nutritional composition, contributing to add value to such fruits and encourage their use as an option for a healthy diet, and even for use in cosmetics and pharmacological industries.