Análise econômica da produção de mudas de espécies florestais nativas do Cerrado

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate the economic and financial viability of producing native Cerrado tree species seedlings at the CeMAF Forest Nursery of the Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi Campus. The methodology adopted was quantitative, descriptive, and exploratory, involving the collection of primary data on production costs (CAPEX and OPEX) and projected revenues. Consolidated economic-financial indicators (NPV, IRR, B/C, payback) and sensitivity analyses were applied over a five-year horizon, using a discount rate of 8% per annum. The results revealed an annual gross revenue of R$ 218,890.00, total operating costs of R$ 60,543.85, and an operating margin of 72.3%. The project demonstrated robust financial viability, with an NPV of R$ 509,150.09, an IRR of 119% per annum, a B/C ratio of 4.9:1, and a discounted payback period of less than 11 months. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the resilience of the enterprise, which remained viable even under adverse scenarios involving a simultaneous 20% reduction in both selling price and sales volume. It is concluded that the production of native Cerrado seedlings at the studied nursery is economically viable and financially attractive, combining high profitability, rapid investment recovery, and significant social return.