Paramentação cirúrgica: o que um interno precisa saber?

Abstract

Nosocomial infections are one of the main problems faced by health professionals, including medical students. Despite the importance of surgical suits attire in medical practice, the training of professionals appears to be insufficient for the subject. Evidence of this is insufficiency is that there are inadequacies in the use of materials and asepsis techniques during the garment procedures. The present work synthesizes the most important and necessary information for the good surgical performance of medical students in what concerns surgical materials wearing. An integrative review was carried out based on textbooks, and the pertinent topics were deepened by searching via Google Scholar. The elaboration of the text was conducted as an integral chapter of a published book and, later, it was adapted and updated to monograph presentation. Surgical attire, which consists of changing everyday clothes for others suitable for the surgical environment, has the purpose of creating a barrier, in the surgical theatre, against the shedding of microorganisms from the patient, the professionals, materials, equipment and ambient air. The materials needed for surgical attire are presented and scrutinized, at the depth necessary for the medical intern: uniform, shoe covers, surgical head covers, face masks, protection glasses, gloves and gowns. Also, surgical attire techniques are described, from skin cleaning to surgical materials wearing. All professionals who work in the operating theatre, including the doctors interns, must have knowledge of gowning techniques and be aware of their competent performance. Such conduct is essential for a significant reduction in hospital infections.