Os jogos de papéis sociais como atividade lúdica no desenvolvimento das funções psicológicas superiores

Abstract

This final paper addresses social role-playing games as an essential playful activity for the development of higher psychological functions in childhood, with a focus on preschool age. Based on historical-cultural theory, the study highlights the importance of play as a pedagogical tool that promotes social interaction, mediation, and learning. The research problem is: how do social role-playing games influence and affect children's cognitive development, considering their impact on social, emotional, and learning skills? The justification highlights the relevance of these practices, which promote mediation as a pillar of the learning process and provide children with opportunities to construct meanings collaboratively. The general objective is to analyze how social role-playing games influence the development of higher psychological functions, being broken down into specific objectives, such as understanding the process of human development in relation to learning, investigating the nature of social role-playing games as a playful activity, and analyzing the relationship between play and children's psychological development. The methodology adopted was bibliographical, supported by works by Vygotsky (1991,2010), Leontiev (2004,2010), Elkonin (2009) and Kishimoto (2008), as well as scientific articles that explore the contribution of play in the educational context. Based on the bibliographic review, it was observed that social role-playing games, as the main activities in childhood, expand skills such as memory, thought, language and imagination, while at the same time favoring the internalization of social rules and the construction of children's autonomy. These practices contribute to the integral development of the child, establishing a link between the internal world and the demands of the social environment, promoting learning in a contextualized and meaningful way. Finally, it is concluded that social role-playing games are fundamental for the development of higher psychological functions, stimulating not only cognitive skills, but also the internalization of cultural norms. Thus, their integration into the child's educational and social process is essential. Furthermore, the importance of play in school planning is highlighted, as it offers an opportunity to enhance learning and development.