As rodas de conversa filosóficas e o teatro como metodologia para ensinar a filosofar: críticas ao neoliberalismo a partir de Chomsky e Freire

Abstract

This work aims to present a methodological and pedagogical proposal for the Teaching of Philosophy, to break the silence and awaken the practice of analysis, reflection, argumentative and critical thinking about knowledge from experience, local and regional experience with its own characteristics. The central problem involves the following question: How to develop a methodology for Teaching Philosophy that uses Theater as an alternative for deconditioning and strengthening resistance to the problem of manipulating the masses in the context of the advancement of neoliberal policies for education? In this sense, the research problem addresses the theme of mass manipulation and banking education, involving education in three inseparable dimensions – the pedagogical dimension, the technical dimension, and the political dimension –, which were exercised during classroom interventions. In this work, the problem of mass manipulation was thought of by the philosopher Noam Chomsky, to show how the neoliberal paradigm invades all spheres of life – the political, economic, cultural, social field, etc. – and generates social contradictions. The research and interventions in the classroom took place at Colégio Estadual Guilherme Dourado, located in the city of Araguaína, northern region of the State of Tocantins, from March to August 2022, a period in which Philosophical Conversation Circles supported the production of fourteen theatrical plays with fourteen classes, seven plays produced by the 2nd grades and seven plays produced by the 3rd grades of high school, with the following themes: Sexual Violence, Work Analogous to Slavery, Child Labor, Hunger, Depression, Human Trafficking, Structural Racism, Domestic Violence, Drugs, Prejudice, Oedipus Complex, Homophobia, Machismo and Bullying, all addressed with philosophical foundations debated in the classroom. The plays were presented at the 1st Guilherme Dourado Philosophical Theater Festival, the culmination of the project, which today is part of the school's annual curricular activities. The Freirean method of educating for public life, based on dialogicity, helped to break with banking and reproductive education, in conducting a reading of the world as a condition of politicity, contributing to the appreciation of the political dimension of education for the Teaching of Philosophy.