O negro na história do Brasil: o processo de miscigenação, racismo e identidade racial

Abstract

The theme of this work arose during my participation in the Institutional Scholarship Program for Initiation to Teaching - PIBID, in the period 2018-2020. The objective was to know the creation of racism in Brazil, with reference to the historical characteristics of colonization and the formation of the Brazilian State, in particular the predominant use of slave labor based on labor. Our first section deals with the historical periods of the Colony and the Empire, which although there was an independence process in 1822, between Brazil and Portugal, the two historical periods have in common, the slavery process (1549 – 1888). Next, we dedicate ourselves to the Republic that “inherits” the abolition of slavery, in its legal form, however, it does not carry out the reforms that should include black people in society and also puts into practice public policies that marginalize them from society in all areas. the dimensions of life, in a flagrant process of prejudice, discrimination and racism. Still in this second section, we dedicate ourselves to the exposition on the myth of racial democracy, in which it alludes that in Brazil there was no issue of racism, but behind the scenes it presents a process of racism that contributed even more to the silencing of black people. And to complement, we present the concept of structural racism that influences the naturalization of white supremacy in society. So, how can black children identify as black people, if we don't see Afro-descendants in the mainstream media or in positions of power in society? It is based on this question that we delve into the country's history to understand the racism that is present in Brazilian society today.