Estratégias auxiliares ao gerenciamento hídrico em indústrias processadoras de pescado: minimização do uso da água e possibilidade de reciclo e/ou reuso de efluente

Abstract

Water scarcity is a reality in many regions, as well as problems related to water pollution. Water demand is growing to meet the need in the industrial, agricultural and domestic activities. Regardry resource limitation and the increase in water demand, the practice of recycling and reuse (direct and indirect) is an alternative to water conservation guaranteeing that there are no risks handlers and consumers health, the environment and product integrity. The objective of this study was to propose strategies for water management in the fish processing industry by minimizing water consumption and effluent generation, by adopting the reuse and / or recycling as a possibliity. During the first trial the final industrial effluent was evaluated considered the adaptation of adequate treatment to meet requirements of different countries for recycling and / or reuse, and the possibility of reuse was also assessed. In the second trial, specific and total water consumption were measured in the same fish processing industry to determine possible consumption reduction. The effluent of each point generator was characterized and evaluated for possible treatment that met the regulations requirements wastewater of different countries to recycle and / or reuse. It was found that the potential for recycling and / or reuse the processing industry studied increases when the effluents are separated into groups (principle of segregation of waste streams). The results showed that a water consumption saving of 1.5 m3 / ton of fish produced can be achieved, which represents 10.3% of the overall consumption and 15.92% of effluent generation.