O processo de reforma agrária no antigo norte goiano e a interiorização das ligas camponesas

Abstract

This research aims to understand the processes of agrarian reform in the old north of Goiás between the years 1960 and 1964, seeking to analyze the context of the political scenario in Brazil and in the State of Goiás that made possible the interiorization of revolutionary nuclei of the Peasant Leagues for the former north of Goiás and that soon afterwards unleashed the civil-military coup in 1964. The Peasant Leagues (re) appeared in 1955 at the Galiléia mill in Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, under the leadership of Francisco Julião, as funeral assistance associations and that after an internal dissent they raised the banner of agrarian reform in law or by force, which led to the expansion of the Peasant Leagues and the implantation of revolutionary nuclei in the interior of Brazil in order to make the national socialist revolution through agrarian reform. Parallel to this, in Goiás, Governor Mauro Borges creates a new model of agrarian reform, based on Israel's kibbutzim, Mauro Borges's project called Combinado Agro - Urbanos and used a model of family cooperatives in lands granted by the government, believed that such project was implanted mainly near places of peasant unrest as a form of counter revolution, however, this proposal of family cooperatives of Mauro Borges was seen by the military as subversive which caused the impeachment of the then governor of Goiás in 1964, shortly after the blow. The 1964 civil-military coup against rural workers has a political context that began in 1930 with the labor reforms of Getulio Vargas and ended in 1964 against then President João Goulart after his announcement to carry out the basic reforms. The coup leaders call it the 1964 revolution and claim that they were fighting against the implantation of communism in Brazil, but what was seen was a bourgeois coup against the workers, especially the peasants, to prevent mainly agrarian reform.