Avaliação agronômica e estabilidade de genótipos de batata doce selecionados para a produção de etanol

Abstract

The sweet potato is a very popular culture, appreciated and widespread throughout the country and is mainly cultivated by small farmers; however, it is necessary to develop technologies that enable increased crop yield. Research objective was to evaluate the agronomic performance of sweet potato genotype with potential for the production of ethanol and estimate the adaptability and stability of sweet potato genotypes selected in four growing seasons in southern Tocantins. The experiments were conducted at the Federal University of Tocantins using a randomized block trial design with three replications, 16 genotypes and 1 cultivation evaluating the characteristics: productivity (t ha- 1), incidence of damage by soil insects and dry matter content of roots (%). The genotypes BDGU#57, BDGU#11, BDGU#35 and BDGU#36 among the examined genotypes thus promising the production of fuel ethanol. However, the genotypes BDGU#40, BDGU#38 and BDGU#36 were the ones that had higher dry matter. In the IDIS variable, the genotype BDGU#93, among the examined genotypes, is the most tolerant to the incidence of damage caused by soil insects.With data from four seasons evaluations (agricultural years 09/10, 10/11, 11/12 and 13/14) adaptability was estimated, by the centroid method of selected sweet potato genotypes, for the features productivity (kg ha- 1), damage by soil insects and dry matter content (%). It was observed that the genotypes BDGU#16, BDGU#57 and BDGU#58 are adapted to harsh environments regarding the total root productivity. The BDGU#10 genotype is adapted to harsh environments both in incidence of damage caused by soil insects as in the dry matter content. The genotypes BDGU#36, BDGU#38, BDGU#59, BDGU#78, BDGU#88 and BDGU#89 represent invariant behavior and therefore similar regarding the means of each variable. Only BDGU # 04 genotype may be indicated for general adaptability environments for dry matter content.