Uso da energia renovável no Brasil: o caso PROINFRA e a Biomassa

Abstract

The agro-energy sources, has a renewable and abundant character, and has been adopted in many countries, in different formats, in their energy matrixes. In the last years the national energy policy has focused on the generation of electricity through renewable sources, including biomass which is part of the theme of bioenergy. Moreover, the biomass, within the power generation, has distributed generation features and hold the potential for significant generation. In this sense, this work identified the normative instruments which regulate the biomass in the electricity sector and propose more appropriate regulatory mechanisms for the Brazilian reality. It was adopted as a method of analysis the qualitative research from exploratory studies. The analysis resulted in seven proposals: Correction of externalities; the introduction to small producers and consumer market; the classification of generators relating criteria other than the generated energy; the rediscussion of criteria for grants of shares; the maintenance of TUSD and TUST incentives; the discussion about the pricing of the maximum PLD and the extinction of political interventions in the energy sector. Finally, it is concluded that there is asymmetry in the energy sector that determine the lack of supply of identical conditions of competition for energy sources with respect to other sources and that the current legislation is inclined to benefit other sectors, highlighting the weaknesses of the sector. In this regard, seeking to optimize the regulation of biomass in Brazil, this work presents and discusses proposals that can help to restore the market rebalancing.