Potencial farmacológico e toxicológico da mutamba (Guaxuma ulmifolia) e da bacaba (Oenocarpus bacaba)

Abstract

Introduction: The bacabeira is a characteristic palm of the Brazilian Amazonian biome, of purple color, with oleaginous fruits, is part of the subfamily Arecoideae, present food importance. This plant has antioxidant action, which has received a lot of attention. The mutamba belongs to the family Malvaceae medicinally used with astringent, purifying, healing, antiseptic, sweat and unblocking properties of the liver. Objectives: The objective of this work was to study the possible pharmacological and toxicological effects of Bacaba (Oenocarpus bacaba mart) and the crude leaf extract of Guazuma ulmifolia (Mutamba). Methodology: A literature review was carried out in relation to Bacaba, where original article searches were carried out in the databases: Scielo, Pubmed, Lilacs, BVS, in Portuguese and English. A quantitative study was also carried out using crude extract of Guazuma ulmifolia leaf, where they were administered orally in mice. Results: The literature review resulted in 94 articles found 5 were selected for research, where 4 (80%) articles presented results related to the antioxidant potential of bacaba and only 1 the medicinal potential. The research conducted with Guazuma ulmifolia in acute exposure did not present hepatotoxicity or nephrotoxicity. Discussion: The great lack of research that addresses the medicinal and toxic aspects of bacaba was found in the literature review, where articles found do not include aspects such as indication, part used, mode of use among others. Further research is needed especially on chronic and synchronic exposure in Guazuma ulmifolia. Conclusion: there was a shortage of material on this subject, thus suggesting further quantitative research to better investigate the medicinal and toxic use of bacaba.