Caracterização hidroquímica e isotópica das águas superficiais e subterrâneas no entorno da Lagoa da Confusão, Tocantins, Brasil

Abstract

Hydrochemical and isotopic analyzes of oxygen-18, deuterium and dissolved inorganic carbon were used to characterize surface water and groundwater resources near Lagoa da Confusão - Tocantins. The study main objective is to characterize and understand the dynamics of the superficial and groundwater resources of the region based on their geochemical and isotopic characteristics. To perform the study, it was carried out a hydrochemical characterization and water quality assessment. Both analyzes took into consideration the geochemistry of the aquifer to understand water dynamics as well as to get a more detailed overview of the study area and to help with water management resources in the region. The dissertation presents the results of the article entitled "Hydrochemical characterization of surface and groundwater in the surroundings of Lagoa da Confusão, Tocantins, Brazil". In that study, hydrochemical analyzes were applied to determine surface and groundwater characteristics likewise their interactions with the nearby environment in the Lagoa da Confusão region. The study identified the predominant hydrogeochemical types that can be found in calcic or magnesian bicarbonate water; as such, it observed the dominance of ionic species of HCO3 - , Ca2+ and Mg2+. The results show that the water in the study area is influenced by the local geological formations as well as the land use and occupation of it; therefore, the study of hydrochemistry is an important tool for the study, management and monitoring of water resources in the region. The results of the article entitled "Stable Isotopes Applied to the Study of Water Flows in the Confusion Lagoon Environment, TO, Brazil" are also presented in this study. The research verified that the dynamic flow and the short time confinement, which it was indicated by the isotopic composition of the groundwater, are closely related to the environmental and geological characteristics of the study area. The results of the δ18O and δD analyzes show the existence of a karstic system that contribute to a fast water flow, and it determines the hydrochemical characteristics of the water. For surface water, it was obtained higher values than those from groundwater samples from the Urubu river and Lagoa da Confusão. There was an interaction between surface and groundwater of the study area, since it noticed that surface water resources have been supplied by groundwater sources during drought periods. The values of the isotopic ratio of dissolved inorganic carbon (δ13CCID) were predominantly negative, indicating a greater contribution of carbonate dissolution processes by H2CO3. The results of the isotopic analyzes characterize the presence of a karst aquifer in the study area, in which the chemical composition of the water is altered by the water-rock interaction and the dissolution of the carbonate rocks; besides that, the occurrence of caves and dolines in the study area evidences of those processes. Therefore, the study showed that the dynamics and composition of the surface and groundwater surrounding the Confusion Lagoon are determined by the geological characteristics and the land use and occupation; thus, the result of the study are an important tool for understanding and monitoring the water resources in that region.