Análise de estabilidade de taludes em uma escavação para execução da fundação de um edifício de múltiplos pavimentos

Abstract

This study investigates the slope stability conditions arising from the excavation required for the foundation of a multi-story building located in the Orla 14 district of Palmas, TO. Developed as a case study, the research evaluates safety factors throughout different construction stages, considering the geotechnical characteristics of the local sandy soil and the presence of a high water table. The methodology involved field surveys, laboratory geotechnical characterization (Atterberg limits, grain-size distribution, and direct shear tests), and limit-equilibrium computational modeling using GeoStudio (SLOPE/W). Three scenarios were simulated: an intermediate excavation geometry, a final geometry with discontinuity, and a final scenario with

an additional load at the slope crest, applying Fellenius, Simplified Bishop, and Morgenstern- Price methods. Test results classified the soil as silty sand (SM), with low cohesion (1.70 kPa)

and a friction angle of 22.69°. Numerical analyses indicated safety factors below 1.0 for all scenarios and methods, revealing instability and imminent failure risk. The study concludes that the slope configurations present critical stability conditions, requiring containment measures. The Morgenstern–Price method produced more balanced results, and comparative analysis highlighted the sensitivity of the soil mass to geometric and loading variations, emphasizing the need for rigorous planning and continuous monitoring in similar excavations in granular soils with groundwater presence.