A pesquisa filosófica no ensino médio: elaboração e aplicação de um guia de iniciação à pesquisa em Filosofia no IFPA-Conceição do Araguaia

Abstract

This paper presents a new approach to the teaching of philosophy through the meth- odology of initiation to philosophical research. Philosophy as a school subject in regular primary education has a curriculum focussed on the identification of philosophical the- ories through the history of philosophy. The didactic materials received in regular sec- ondary education deal with the periods and philosophers considered relevant in the respective philosophical currents. This causes the student to absorb the subjects in a mechanical and purely historical way, so the teaching of philosophy is seen only as a mere fulfillment of the school curriculum. With the new high school, the historical ques- tion was left aside and was replaced by interdisciplinary books that practically do not contain philosophy, because they are diluted in other themes that are not essentially philosophical. One of the main purposes of this work is not to let philosophical problems get lost, so the goal is to build a guide to initiation to philosophical research that guides the student from reading the philosophical text to reworking the author's message, stimulating the student's critical spirit. The guide was initially applied at the Federal Institute, but it will be presented as a possibility to be inserted in the new high school as a proposal for an integrating project within the Human Sciences area without phi- losophy losing its questioning essence and its ability to stimulate the critical spirit. To substantiate the importance of rigour and discipline in studies involving philosophical works, it is based on the authors of philosophy that guide a disciplinary practice in the search for knowledge, they are: Descartes, Kant and Locke. In this context, this dis- sertation corroborates a contribution in the area of philosophy for high school, focusing on initiation to philosophical research through suggestions of direct contact with works more understandable to the young audience and with access to the methodology guide for initiation to philosophical research to direct the research, which may at the teacher's discretion be used.