Análise Geoespacial da Bacia Hidrográfica do Córrego Piabanha – Ponte Alta do Tocantins – TO.

Abstract

The present work addresses the analysis of environmental changes in the Piabanha stream watershed, located in the municipality of Ponte Alta do Tocantins. The main focus is on issues related to Land Use and Occupation in the period from 1990 to 2023. The central objective is to examine the transformations that have occurred in this area in relation to the different patterns of Land Use and Occupation. To achieve this purpose, the use of Remote Sensing techniques was adopted. Landsat satellite images were used, including the TM (Thematic Mapper) sensor in the years 1990 and 2000, as well as the OLI (Operational Land Imager) sensor in the years 2013, 2020 and 2023. These images, with a spatial resolution of 30 meters, were obtained free of charge through the USGS - United States Geological Survey website. The software used for the analysis was QGIS version 3.30. In general, the results obtained made it possible to observe significant environmental changes in the river basin, resulting from different modes of use. One of the highlights was the notable reduction in vegetation cover in the Cerrado, due to the expansion of agricultural activities in the study area. Furthermore, the relevance of Remote Sensing is highlighted as a fundamental tool for analyzing the evolution of environmental changes and patterns of Land Use and Occupation. This information is essential for environmental planning and adequate management of natural resources in the research area.