Efeitos da associação cetamina, dexmedetomidina E butorfanol sobre os parâmetros fisiológicos E qualidade anestésica, com o uso do reversor atipamezole Em papagaios-do-mangue (amazona amazonica)

Abstract

Brazil has one of the greatest avifauna riches in the world, which makes the country one of the most important in terms of investments in conservation. The mangrove parrot is not an endangered species, but it also suffers from animal trafficking and habitat loss. With the expansion of wildlife and wild fauna conservation programs, there is a visible increase in problems when handling these birds, making it necessary to study safe drugs for their management. The literature on anesthetic procedures in these species is scarce, generating insecurity in some cases when using some protocols. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the combination of ketamine 35 mg/kg, dexmedetomidine 35 μg/kg and butorphanol 0.4 mg/kg, in the chemical containment of mangrove parrots, observing the effects on physiological variables such as: glycemia, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2), systolic and diastolic blood pressure and body temperature. We used 9 healthy, adult individuals, captives from the Cerrado Institute, in Araguaína, Tocantins. After administration of the protocol, the animals were observed for the latency period, and this period was properly timed, as well as the stable period. The aforementioned parameters, with the exception of blood glucose, were measured 5 minutes after the application of the drugs (M0) and every 5 minutes thereafter (M1-M8), totaling 40 minutes of contemplation of the anesthetic effects. Among the parameters evaluated, HR and T0C showed a statistically significant decrease throughout the anesthetic period. The RR showed no statistical difference and all animals remained stable. SpO2 throughout the anesthetic period demonstrated statistical differences, but considering that in birds, the ideal saturation level needs to be maintained with values greater than 90%, in the respiratory status of the study, increasing values in M3 and M4, followed by mild oscillations, could be interpreted as positive, with the oxygenation recorded being considered satisfactory. SBP and DBP remained stable and no statistical differences were seen in these measurements. Blood glucose, measured at M0 and M3, showed a slight increase, without a significant difference capable of justifying an adverse effect. After 40 minutes of anesthetic monitoring, atipamezole 0.035 mg/kg was applied as a reverser, and the birds were kept in a quiet environment throughout the recovery period. When evaluating the different phases of post-anesthetic recovery, it was considered positive, as no complications were observed, occurring smoothly, within a previously stipulated time. The quality of the anesthetic protocol used was considered very good and could be used safely in the species studied.