Análise da gestão do fogo a partir da implementação do Manejo Integrado do Fogo (MIF) na estação ecológica Serra Geral do Tocantins, BA/TO

Abstract

There are many environmental impacts and social and economic losses caused by forest fires. For many years, the discussion on combating fire was based on its total suppression, but measures aimed at using fire as a means of managing and conserving the landscape have been gaining ground. This research aims to analyze the space-time dynamics and action of fire in the Federal Conservation Unit, Serra Geral do Tocantins Ecological Station (EESGT), based on Integrated Fire Management (IFM) using remote sensing techniques with reference to the years 2010, 2014, 2018 and 2022. The space analyses carried out include a historical survey of the use of MIF in the EESGT, mapping of hotspots, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), fire scars and the recurrence of fires. In the results and analysis, points were discussed which show that for the established period, the mapping of hotspots shows that the year 2014 has the lowest number of very low and low-density spots; the year 2010 has the lowest incident area value for medium density spots; and the year 2022 has the lowest values for high and very high-density spots. The NDVI mapping and fire scars show the evolution and behavior of targets, vegetation and burnt areas for each year, and the areas with fires were classified as follows: late fire, early fire and vegetation. Finally, the Burn Recurrence Index (IRQ) map shows the areas that were burned more than once, according to the pattern of years: 1 year, 2 years, 3 years or 4 years, for the analysis period. Nevertheless, the work seeks to compare and parallel the results obtained from the geographical analysis with the Integrated Fire Management that has been developed at EESGT since 2014.