Produção de enzimas por leveduras isoladas do cerrado tocantinense

Abstract

The search for higher quality products using low-energy processes and reduced environmental impact has increased the interest on the enzyme technology. The hydrolytic enzymes are enzymes of widely used in the industrial market. Several studies have shown the potential of yeasts isolated from different sources for the production of enzymes, many of which are used for the production of biofuels. The Brazil currently imports most of the enzymes it uses, although it has the potential to produce them according to the enormous biological diversity, yet little explored, for the discovery of new organisms that produce enzymes industrial.Diante interest of such an opportunity, the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of yeasts isolated from Tocantinense cerrado for the production of amylase, cellulase, xylanase and lipase through screening and submerged fermentation. We evaluated 205 lines for the production of these hydrolases in solid medium. The results were given as enzymatic index (EI) which represents the relation between the hydrolysis halo, and the diameter of the colony. For each enzyme were selected the 5 strains showed the highest IE to quantify their enzymatic activities using the submerged fermentation (FSB). In order to evaluate the effects of pH and temperature on the enzymatic reaction, we performed a rotational factorial design (CCRD) 22. A total of 71% of the strains showed enzymatic activity for at least one of the enzymes tested. For amylase, cellulase and xylanase enzyme activities were low, with the highest activity was observed for the amylase enzyme for the line AS 110 (0.07 U.mL-1). The lipase activity was more expressive of reaching 18,19 U.mL-1 values for TAQ line 164. The factors studied (pH and temperature) influence the enzymatic activities for most of the studied strains.