Alterações fisiológicas e bioquímicas de mudas de Acacia Mangium à aplicações de doses de glyphosate

Abstract

Glyphosate is one of the most widely used herbicides in the world due to its broad spectrum of action on tree species, but little is known about its performance in these species. The objective of this research was to evaluate the physiological, biochemical and morphological alterations of glyphosate in Acacia mangium. The experiment was carried out under field conditions. The young plants of Acacia Mangium received 5 treatments corresponding to doses of the herbicide (0, 180, 360, 540 and 720 g.e.a.L-1 of glyphosate) in 6 replicates. In the first experiment, the growth and physiological aspects of the plants under oxidative stress were evaluated. The following variables were evaluated: increase in diameter, height increase, stem dry mass, leaves and root, intoxication and also net carbon assimilation, stomatal conductance, transpiration, water use efficiency and rubisco efficiency. In the second experiment, the biochemical alterations were evaluated in young plants of Acacia mangium, under oxidative stress. For that, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes: peroxidase ascorbate and superoxide dismutase was evaluated. Glyphosate affects Acacia from the 360 g.e.a.L-1 dose both physiologically and morphologically. The increments were reduced as the doses increased. Regarding the net assimilation, the doses of 540 and 720 g.e.a.L-1 were reduced to 6, 12,18 DAA, stabilizing from the 24 days of evaluation. The responses of oxidative enzymes to oxidative stress were variable. The enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) showed a dose increase of 180 g.e.a.L-1, decreasing with increasing concentrations tested. For the peroxidase Ascorbate (APX), they maintained similar activity in both evaluations, with a continuous increase according to the increase of the doses.