Rendimento de óleo essencial de Lippia sidoides Cham. em função da idade de corte, horário de colheita e condições de secagem

Abstract

Lippia sidoides Cham. (Rosemary pepper) is a native medicinal and aromatic plant in northeastern Brazil, extract the essential oil for use bactericide, fungicide, molluscicide and larvicide. This study evaluated the effect of cutting age, harvest time and conditions for the plant Lippia sidoides Cham. on the production of essential oil in the conditions of southern Tocantins region. The essential oil extraction was performed by hydrodistillation in Clevenger apparatus, the time of one hour and twenty minutes for all samples equally. Three experiments were conducted. In one experiment, we compared the production of essential oil from plants at 90, 120, 150, 180, 210 and 240 DAT. In experiment 2, compared the leaf samples Oil content collected at the times of 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 hours. And in experiment 3 compared the essential oil content in function of temperature (30, 40 and 50 ° C) and drying time (24, 48 and 72 hours). The tendency to higher oil content would be around 87.5 DAT decreasing to previous cuts or subsequent thereto. The highest values for dry mass standing at 210 DAT followed the downward trend of this variable from that period. The largest essential oil yield per plant values occur around 220 DAT, showing that date as the greater productivity trend. It follows that to 220 days after transplanting is a production of 5.75 g of essential oil per plant, achieved the essential oil yield of 57.5 kg ha-1. The drying time did not influence the essential oil content. However, the temperature of 40 ° C provides maximum conservation of essential oil of Lippia sidoides Cham. and consequently higher content thereof.