Mulheres convivendo com AIDS: fatores de risco, protetivos e resiliência

Abstract

From 1980 to 2004 the epidemiological profile of HIV/AIDS kept stable, being more evident in big cities and with higher prevalence in people considered as a risk group; homosexuals, hemophiliacs, Haitians, drugs addicts and sex workers. However what has been observed in the present day is a change in this profile, showing the internalization, epidemiological profile, heterosexuals and an increase of cases among women. Women, when diagnosed by HIV/AIDS face many troubles relatives the state health-affection and relationship. This dissertation had as objective to analyze how women living with HIV/AIDS; checking the risks factors and protection, beyond construction process of resilience. Therefore a qualitative study of thematic life story was done in Specialized Care Services who cares patients with HIV/AIDS in the city at Imperatriz-MA; made from June to September 2015 was approved by Research Ethics Committee in Human Beings of the Federal University of Tocantins, by law 105/2014. Eight women joined the specimen diagnosed with HIV/AIDS for more than one year. To collect the data was utilized a semi-structured interview, then the data were recorded and transcribed; following the analysis of the data were performed by the content analysis technique. The results were organized into categories of analysis, being distributed in: diagnosis: performing the action, marital relations and sexuality of women with HIV/AIDS, risks factors and protection and resilience brands. All interviewed women discovered to be seropositive by HIV through routine tests and when they discovered were infected, reacted in different ways ranging from the desire to make away with oneself until the immediate acceptance of their health condition. About marital relations, the women of older age, widowed or separated state that do not intend to have more partners. Women sexually active, said the disease has imposed limitations in sex. Fear of prejudice was shown as the biggest risk factor for women living with HIV/AIDS. As protective factors, living together with the family and religion as helpers aspects of resilience building process. When it comes to resilience marks identified self-efficacy, even by the risk factor the interviewees did not fail to set goals and be active for these to be achieved; other brand this is independence, because them showed dichotomy in the health-disease process. Even after 36 years the emergence of HIV/AIDS, prejudice about the disease is still present in society and in the women’s life living with AIDS, which is one of the risk factors presented by the interviewees because interferes to face HIV/AIDS, family and religion stood out as a protective factor, emerging as the foundation of resilience building process. Although the presences of risk factor they showed resiliency marks. Therefore, is necessary to insert the variables inherent in the psychosocial aspects of network attention to women with HIV/AIDS.