Análise de políticas públicas: a trajetória da política nacional de educação permanente em saúde no Brasil

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the trajectory of the National Policy for Permanent Health Education (Pneps) in Brazil, according to the perception of the representative actors of this public policy. It also seeks to systematize the stages of the Pneps implementation and implementation process; identify the “critical nodes” that hinder the execution of your actions; analyze its institutionalization processes through the creation/action of spaces for interinstitutional and intersectoral articulation; evaluate the relevance of Pneps in the states and its impacts on the Unified Health System (SUS), considering the time elapsed from its institutionalization (2004) to the period of this study (2020). The qualitative method with descriptive and documentary characteristics was used. To compose the analysis, the following steps were taken: carrying out documentary research; bibliographical research and structured interviews with application of questionnaires. The investigation of the evolution of Pneps was carried out based on studies published between the period 2005 and 2017. The analysis of the 27 State Plans for Continuing Health Education (PEEPS) for the year from 2019 onwards was also carried out. The applied research sample consisted of 20 experts (state/municipal managers, federal and academic managers). The data found were evaluated according to three dimensions: Articulation; Implementation and Impacts of Pneps according to the perception of the actors selected to participate in the research. The results obtained from this investigation showed that: there is a need to build/establish an instrument/script with the list of information that should comprise all PEEPS; the inexistence of financial resources for the execution of this Policy negatively impacts its institutionalization/execution, although the existence and/or transfers of regular resources do not guarantee its execution; the Policy is fragile in terms of its implementation. Regarding the impacts, it was found that Pneps provided the opportunity for a closer relationship between health services and educational institutions and promoted significant changes in the work processes in teams, regardless of their composition.