Federalismo, políticas educacionais e qualidade do gasto público: uma análise do Fundeb no Tocantins

Abstract

This study aims to assess the quality of public spending on basic education in the public schools of the state of Tocantins in relation to funding mechanisms Fundeb. The study compares the reality of the municipalities of Porto Nacional microregion and Bico do Papagaio microregion to check FUNDEB promotes equitable redistribution of resources to provide the necessary structure for the provision of quality education in two regions economically and socially distinct. Used on theoretical dealing with Brazilian federalism which studies basically show the form of cooperation and accountability of federal agencies in the provision of free public education. This bulge is seeking to understand the relationship between collection and distribution of funds held by the Union to the states and municipalities regarding the allocation of resources for education. The results obtained allow us to say that there are large discrepancies between the structures in the surveyed microregion, especially on factors that involve the enhancement of professional teachers, the infrastructure of schools, issues of access and retention of students, and also as the maintenance costs of education. The municipalities with the greatest capacity for tax collection and not rely solely on the resources Fundeb can provide better structural conditions for the provision of quality education by providing better working conditions for education professionals. Moreover, the capacity of municipalities to implement the best possible resources as required by law may also make a difference if it is considered that the Fundeb is the sole source of financing of primary education in most small towns of Tocantins. In general features Fundeb contributed little to the effective improvement of education in the two surveyed micro, but the Bico do Papagaio microregion difficulties are more evident.