Políticas públicas e a escassez de chuvas: o caso de Aurora do Tocantins, Lavandeira e Combinado, extremo sudeste do estado do Tocantins

Abstract

The southeastern region of the state of Tocantins, in addition to presenting serious socioeconomic problems and being among the least developed in the state, still faces serious problems related to rainfall scarcity. The rural population suffers the most from the seasonal occurrence of precipitation. This, in turn, is also the social sphere that has received the most governmental public policies with the objective of reducing the effects caused by the effective lack of rainfall. It is noteworthy that most of these public po It is noticed that the municipal policies are of extreme importance for the rural populations in the conviviality with the scarcity of rains, therefore where there is greater effectiveness of actions of the municipalities the communities are presented more satisfied with the results of the public policies, in turn, this demonstrates the latent need of monitoring the inhabitants of the countryside by power and general mode.licies have been implemented since the 2000s, but they were more effective between the years 2000 and 2010. However, the municipalities of Aurora do Tocantins, Lavandeira and Combinado, located in the extreme southeast of the state are among benefited by these public policies, both are situated in an area of economic and social fragility and have a territorial arrangement formed by innumerable properties of family farmers, these are harmed by lack of water and are very dependent on government policies that reduce harmful effects caused by the scarcity of rainfall in the region. There are three kinds of public policies in the municipalities mentioned above, which are aimed at meeting the needs of the rural population. These are the responsibility of the Federal Government, but in some cases they are the counterpart of the municipal public authority. The benefits are: rural tanks - popularly known as water tanks - barges - also called cacimbas - and kite trucks, the latter is often used in the most critical periods and often serves to supply the rural cisterns in cases of need . To reach the results, interviews were conducted with members of the public administration of all the municipalities mentioned above, as well as representatives of organized civil society. The information collected was analyzed and organized by the authors of this work. The interviews were carried out in the months of December and January 2017, as well as in the months of September, October and December 2018, the research was supported by the Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), Porto Nacional Campus and the Post- Graduation in Geography (PPGG). The municipalities analyzed by this research have different characteristics in the conception of the beneficiaries of the public policies regarding the results of the same ones, although they are inserted in a socioeconomic context quite similar to the conceptions are different. It is noticed that the municipal policies are of extreme importance for the rural populations in the conviviality with the scarcity of rains, therefore where there is greater effectiveness of actions of the municipalities the communities are presented more satisfied with the results of the public policies, in turn, this demonstrates the latent need of monitoring the inhabitants of the countryside by power and general mode.